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B. s. BELDEN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 310,244. Patented Jan. 6, 1885.

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E. S. BELDEN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 310.244. Patented Jan. 6, 1885.

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E. S. BELDEN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 310,244. Patented Jan. 6, {1885.

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NTTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDIVIN S. BELDEN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORXIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

' SPECIEECATICN ermin part of Letters Patent No. 310,244, dated January 6, 1885.

Application filed September 18, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN S. BELDEN, of the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented an Improvement in Type-\Vriting Machines; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

Myinvention relates to a new and useful improvement in type-writers; and it consists in the combination of devices hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanation of myinvention, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of the rear of a type-writer, showing the graduated stop N in its relation to the surrounding parts, and also some of the key-1evers and their manner of operating the lever K. Fig. 2 is a perspective view taken from the inside and showing a portion of the parts shown in Fig 1, and Fig. 3 is a sectional. end elevation.

A is the frame of a type-writer; B, the keys; 0, the levers of said keys, which operate the type in the usual manner. D is the traveling paper-carriage, having the parts usually found in machines of this class. E is the rack with which the pawls engage to hold the carriage and release it to make its movement under the influence of the usual spring and strap, unnecessary herein to describe.

Mounted in small bearingsf at the back of the frame is a shaft, F, to which is fixed a bracket, G, one end of which carries the fixed pawl I-I. Directly in line with and in front of this pawl is the movable pawl I, adapted to be moved by the bracket G- through an are forward and back, and also adapted to swing through an are parallel with the line of travel of the carriage by reason of being secured to a small crossframc, i, pivoted on an arm, i, extending from shaft F. The pawl I is actuated in its side movement by aspring, 6. The shaft F is oscillated in the usual manner by the crank-arm J, cross-bar J, links j, and lever K, under the key-levers. A spring, L, 011 the shaft returns it. The movement of the two pawls effects the usual resultnamely, that of releasing, catching, and holding the rack E. It is usual to limit the side move ment of the movable pawl by means of a single fixed block or piece, whereby it is adapted to fall in line with the tooth succeeding that which is being held by the fixed pawl. As a consequence every letter or other character has a certain space allotted to it, without re gard to the size of the letter, although some letters are narrow and others widefor example, the small letter l is much narrower than the letter m, and requires less space.

The object of my invention is to obviate this difficulty by giving such room or space to each letter or character as it requires approximately. This object I accomplish by so dividing the rack E into a suitable number of teeth separated by space equivalent to the space or room required by the most narrow letters or char-' acters, making the distance of two teeth equivalent to the space required by the letters or characters of medium width, and the distance of three teeth equivalent to the space required by the wider lettersor characters, and providing a means actuated by the k eys representing the letters or characters for causing the pawls to release and catch one, two, or three teeth, according to the key touched. To this end, instead of having a single stop, I have a graduated one, so mounted and arranged as will adapt it to receive and limit the movement of the movable pawl without interfering with its full operation. v

Mounted horizontally and longitudinally in the bracket G; is a pivot-shaft, M, on which is secured an upright arm or bar, N, the upper end of which bears against a fixed portion of the machine, and is held in that position by a small spiral spring, a, encircling the shaft M.

By thus pivoting the arm or bar N it does not interfere with the oscillating movement of the bracket G and its pawl; and a further object is accomplished of allowing the arm to have a backward movement, for the purpose of avoiding interference with the necessary backward movement of the movable pawl, as I shall presentl y explain.

In the face of the top of arm N are fixed in the same horizontal plane three pins, 0, of different lengths, forming stops against which the movable pawl in its side movement is adapted to hear. The length of these pins or stops is so arranged that the longest shall limit the movable pawl to the extent of holding it to a position for skipping but one tooth of the rack. The one of medium length will limit it to skip two teeth, and the shortest one three teeth.

It is obvious that, instead of the pins acting as stops, I could have a series of depressions of graduated depths formed in the arm N, or other devices, which would limit the movement of the movable pawl at varying distances. The pins themselves may be screws, or they may in other ways be adapted to be adjusted accurately to their proper places. \Vhcn the movable pawl is limited by the longest stop,

it is of course free to make its backward movement to re-cngage with and hold the rack; but when it is limited by either of the other stops, it is manifest that the longer one would be in the way of the pawl and would prevent its backward movement; but to overcome this difficulty I adapt, as I have before described, the arm N, carrying the stops, to move back. The movable pawl, therefore, simply carries the stop-arm back with it until it is in line with and has re-engaged the rack. The spring a then returns the stop-arm to its position or seat against the fixed part of the machine, where it stands ready to act as a stop again. Now, in order to engage the movable pawl with its proper stop, its forward movement must be so graduated that by moving a certain distance it will fall against the longest stop. Then by moving a greater distance it will slip past the longest stop and fall against the one of medium length, and moving the greatest distance it will slip past both of the longer stops and fall against the short one. In order to transmit these varied movements, I so arrange the contact of the key-lever G with the lever K underneath that certain of the keys shall move the lever more than others, the key-levers of narrow letters or characters moving it the least, those of medium width moving it a little more, and those of the greatest width moving it through the greatest distance. These varied movements are so graduated that the power transferred from those key-levers moving the universal typelever the least shall oscillate the shaft F above a distance only sufficient to move the pawls forward so that the movable pawl I will be limited by the longest stop and held in posi tion to skip but one tooth. The key-levers moving the lever K the most will cause the pawl to clear both of the longer stops and be limited by the shorter one, whereby the pawl skips three teeth, and the intermediate keylevers produce an intermediate effect, as hereinbefore described. This contact of the keylevers with the lever K may be accomplished in various ways. In machines to be built the key-levers may move between varied limits, or they may have suitable projections or shoulders adapting them to remain in contact with the lever K throughout the greater portion of their movements or only any specified portion of it, or the same end may be obtained by taking away from the under surface of the key-levers.

I do not confine myself to the exact number of stops here shown and described, for the letters and characters may be classified ac cording to their widths into a greater or less number of classes, which would require acorresponding number of stops; but at present I prefer the division into three classes, as described.

feet, and more legible. It produces, besides, a saving of time and labor.

In type-writers carrying only upper-case letters this invention may be used for making the spaces between the words at the same instant and by the same movement as the last letter of each word is printed, by causing the usual space-bar, I, to depress the lever more than the typc-keys do, said space-bar being depressed at the same time the last letter is printed.

As the space-bar is provided with lovers 1) corresponding to the key-levers, and actuating the lever iuthc same manner, it is obvious that it may, for thc'purpose of this invention, be considered in the same light as one of the keys.

In a former application filed March 22, 1884, No. 125,211, I showed and described a lever-bar having a bearing-head provided with a rabbct or offset, and operated by the space-bar; but that device, while being in the nature of a graduated stop, was differently mounted and operated from the present stopbar.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a type-writer, the combination, with the movable pawl, of the carriage D, the rack IG, and a graduated stop arranged when in position to bear against a fixed portion of the machine in front and adapted to have a backward movement, said stop being adapted to limit the side movement of the movable pawl at varying distances and be carried back by the pawl, whereby said pawl may re-engage the rack of the traveling paper-carriage and hold it after it has moved a distance of one or more of its teeth, according to the distance at which the movable pawl is limited, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

2. In a typewriter, the pivoted arm or bar N, having in its top the pins 0, of different lcn gths, forming graduated steps or depressions of different depths, and the springn, under the influence of which the arm or bar is held to position against afixed portion of the machine, in combination with the oscillating movable pawl I, the side movement of which is limited by the graduated stops, substantially as herein described.

3. In a typewriter having a traveling can riage with a rack adapted to be released, reengaged, and held by a fixed and a movable pawl, as described, the combination of the movable pawl, a pivoted graduated stop adapt- By this improvement the printing is much more. regular and uniform, nearer per- ITO LII

ed to limit its side movement at varying distances to enable it to re-engage the rack at different distances beyond its former engagement and to allow the carriage to move a distance of one or more of its teeth before being held by said pawl, and a mechanism, substantially as described, operated by the keys of the machine, for throwing the movable pawl forward different distances ,to engage suitably with the graduated stop, as herein set forth.

l. In a type-writer, the pivoted arm or bar N, having in its top the pins 0, of different lengths, forming graduated stops or depressions of different depths, and the spring a, to hold the arm or bar to position, in combination with the movable pawl I, the keys B, and their levers O, and a mechanism, substantially as described, for transmitting the power of said lovers to throw said pawl I forward to varying distances to cause it to fall against and be limited in its side movement by any of the graduated stops, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

.7. In a type-writer, the pivoted spring arm or bar N, having in its top the pins 0, of dif-- l'erent lengths, forming graduated stops or depressions of different depths, in combination with the rack engaging movable pawl I,

mounted on an oscillating frame, and the mechanism by which said pawl is thrown forward to different distances for the purpose de scribed, consisting of the keys B, levers C, lever K, adapted to be depressed more or less by said key-levers, links j, cross-bar J, and arm J, connected with the oscillating frame, substantially as and for the purpose described.

6. In a type-writer, the lever K, the vibrating keylevers 0, arranged to depress the lever through the whole or a portion of their stroke, whereby said type-lever is moved to varying distances, the movable rack engaging pawl I, and a connection, as set forth, between said pawl and the lever, whereby the pawl is thrown forward to varying distances, in combination with the pivoted spring arm or bar N, having the graduated stops 0 in its top adapted to limit at varying distances the side movement of the pawl I, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my L hand. I

:nmvm BELDEN.

\V i t nesses:

U. D. Corn, .T. H. Broon. 

